The combination of the events which occurred historically, ushering in the formalized humanitarian effort starting in the 1800s, are remarkably, observed reoccurring in the varying events characterizing the reinventing of the concept, to provide an all encompassing version of humanitarian service undertaking. The major difference between the two is that, although, the old humanitarian effort has proved a great initiative according to the purpose for which it was established, it nonetheless, serves only in the reactional operations on providing relief assistance in times of emergencies, disasters and wars. This new humanitarian initiative is commencing with the innovative framework by which to proactively provide a worldwide peacebuilding coordination, focused on tackling and, or, preventing the factors causing the global problems including armed conflicts, violence extremism, preventable or natural disasters, emergencies, wars etc. Therefore, the combined processes in establishing the operations by which to transform the old concept to the new humanitarian undertakings, through the coordination of crowd sourced world peace solutions, is the mission in which this organization is deeply rooted. The information in this document is to present both the historical context and commonalities characterizing the origins of the old humanitarian concept and the new including, ways the services are broadly intertwined.

Florence Nightingale, Italian: May 12, 1820 -August 13, 1910, Part of Earliest World Battlefield Humanitarians.

The beginnings of internationally organized humanitarian assistance and aid can be traced to the late 19th century. Early campaigns include British aid to the distressed populations on the continent and in Sweden during the Napoleonic wars, and the international relief campaigns during the Great Irish Famine in the 1840s. In 1854, when the Crimean war began Florence Nightingale and her team of 38 nurses arrived to Barracks Hospital of Scutari where there were hundreds of sick, wounded and dying soldiers. As per the motivations, Nightingale and her team watched as the understaffed military hospitals struggled to maintain hygienic conditions and meet the needs of patients. Ten times more soldiers were the soldiers dying from disease than from battle wounds. Typhus Typhoid, cholera and dysentery were common in the army hospitals. Nightingale and her team established a kitchen, laundry and increased hygiene. More nurses arrived to aid in the efforts and the General Hospital at Scutari was able to care for more than 6,000 patients. In different ways Nightingale’s contributions still influence humanitarian aid efforts. This is especially true in regard to Nightingale’s use of statistics to measure mortality and morbidity. Nightingale used principles of new science and statistics to measure progress and plan for her hospital. She kept records of number and cause of deaths in order to continuously improve the conditions in the hospital. Her findings were that in every 1,000 soldiers, 600 were dying of communicable and infectious diseases. She worked to improve hygiene, nutrition and water, which decreased the mortality rate from 60% to 42% to 2.2%. All of these improvements are pillars of modern humanitarian intervention. Once she returned to Great Britain she campaigned for the founding of the Royal Commission on the health of the Army. She advocated for the use of statistics and coxcombs to portray the needs of those in conflict settings. Florence Nightingale innovation, brought about social reform and founder of modern nursing.

Henry Dunant, Swiss – May 8, 1828 – October 30, 1910, Part of Earliest World Battlefield Humanitarians.

The most well-known origin story of formalized humanitarian aid is that of Henry Dunant, a Swiss Business man and social activist, who upon seeing the sheer destruction and inhumane abandonment of wounded soldiers from the Battle of Solferino in June 1859, canceled his business plans and began a relief response. Despite little to no experience as a medical physician, Durant worked alongside local volunteers to assist the wounded soldiers from all waring parties including, Austrian, Italian and French casualties, in any ways he could including the provision of food, water and medical supplies. His graphic account of the immense suffering he witnessed, written in his book A Memory of Solferino, became a foundational text to modern humanitarianism. It was information in the book which changed the world in a way that no one, let alone Durant, could have foreseen nor truly appreciated at the time. To start, Durant was able to profoundly stir the emotions of his readers by bringing the battle and suffering into their homes, equipping them to understand the current barbaric state of war and treatment of soldiers after were injured or killed. In of themselves these accounts altered the course of history. Beyond this, in his two-week of experience attending to the wounded soldiers of all nationalities, Durant inadvertently established the vital conceptual pillars of what would later become the International Committee of the Red Cross and International Humanitarian law being; impartiality and neutrality. Durant took these ideas and came up with two more ingenuous concepts that would profoundly alter the practice during war. First, Durant envisioned a creation of permanent volunteer relief societies, much like the adhoc relief group he coordinated in Solferino, to assist wounded soldiers. Next Durant began an effort to call for the adoption of a treaty which would guarantee the protection of wounded soldiers and any who attempted to come to their aid. Following official stages of processes through the determination of Durant, the Geneva Society of Public Welfare hosted the convention where the first of the renowned Geneva Convention was signed on 22 August 1864 with many in attendance including from the governments of Europe, the Ottoman Empire, the United States of America (USA), Brazil and Mexico. The basic tenets of the convention outlined the neutrality of medical services including, hospitals, ambulances and related personnel; the requirements to care for and protect the sick and wounded during war, even the Red Cross Emblem.

Understanding the Concept of Humanitarian Assistance, Aid and Relief, In the Activity of Humanitarian Organization

While often used interchangeably, humanitarian aid and humanitarian assistance are distinct concepts. Humanitarian aid generally refers to provision of immediate, short term relief in crisis situations, such as food, water, shelter and medical care. Humanitarian assistance on the other hand, encompasses a broader range of activities including, longer-term support for recovery, rehabilitation and capacity building. Humanitarian aid is also, distinct from development aid, which seeks to address underlying socioeconomic factor. Traditionally, the aid is often given by governments and other agencies to support the economic, environmental, social and political development of developing countries. It is the type of aid aimed at a sustainable improvement in the conditions in the developing countries. Humanitarian aid overall, is material and logistic, usually to the needy such as homeless, refugees and victims of natural disasters, war and famine. The primary objectives of humanitarian aid is to save lives, alleviate suffering and maintain human dignity. Upon formalizing humanitarian efforts through the international committee of the red cross, aid doors was opened. Some of the earliest beneficiaries of the formalized humanitarian aid includes, the famine in China 1876 and also, famine in India 1876-78. According to the Oxford Institute for Ethics, Law and Armed Conflict: “Every conflict since World War I, has produced new international non-governmental humanitarian organization out of Europe and North America; Plan International was founded in the Spanish Civil War, International Rescue Committee (IRC) Oxfam and CARE emerged in World War II – Shortly afterwards, churches began organizing global relief and development organizations like Caritas, the global Catholic network, World Vision was founded in the Korean war. Concern Worldwide and Medicins Sans Frontieres took off in the Biafran war; Mercy Corps and Handicap International (HI) in the Cambodian genocide; and Islamic Relief in the Ethiopean famine of 1984.”

The U.N. Summit Recorded An Unsuccessful Attempt to Extend Humanitarian Effort to Preventing Global Conflicts:

The United Nations World Humanitarian Summit (WHS) attempted but, was unsuccessful in creating the mechanism for extending the concept of humanitarian effort, to preventing armed-conflicts and war. The Summit was held in Istanbul Turkey. on May 23 and 24, 2016 as an initiative of the Secretary-General of the United Nations, Ban Ki-moon, organized by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UN OCHA). First announced in January 2012, the World Humanitarian Summit built on several years of preparation including, consultations with more than 23,000 people in 153 countries. Notable documents include a synthesis report summarizing the findings of the consultations and a report by U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon titled One Humanity, Shared Responsibility. On February 9, 2016, Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, release a report building on the finding of the consultation process, where he noted five core responsibilities to improve humanitarian action: 1) Prevent and End Conflict, 2) Uphold the norms that safeguard humanity, 3) Leave no one behind. 4) Working differently to end need and, 5) Invest in humanity. Unfortunately however, the United Nation’s Summit reported the unsuccessful attempt the Organization Made to Coordinate Global Peace:According to the comment by the summit lead coordinator, the U.N. Secretary-General at the time, Mr Ban Ki-moon; the summit resulted in about 1,500 commitments from 400 UN member States and other organizations. The summit was attended by an impressive 173 member States including, 55 heads of States or government many, from countries affected by humanitarian crises, civil society organizations, private organizations also groups affected by humanitarian need. Issues that were discussed included preventing and ending conflict, managing crises and aid financing. The U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, expressed disappointment that the world’s most powerful leaders did not attend, notably those from the G7 countries except for German Chancellor Angela Merkel. However, at the closing press conference, Ban Ki-moon said “The absence of these leaders from World Humanitarian Summit does not provide an excuse for inaction” On the political level, the summit received mixed reviews. The critics argued that the lack of a binding agreement made it “toothless.”

The phases and processes in the events, leading to Henry Dunant’s leadership toward igniting the activities which later were transformed into the first formalized global humanitarian aid organization, called: International Committee of the Red Cross, are observed comparably, manifesting in the leadership events preceding the establishment of the World Allied Peace Society. Therefore, it is necessary to present the commonalities, in the founders’ individual initiatives from the 1800s events origin of the concept of humanitarian organization, up to the present times phenomenon unveiling on the background of reinventing the concept to serve a broader humanitarian service in establishing worldwide, peacebuilding.

The Founder of the International Committee of the Red Cross Henry Dunant, upon seeing the destructions, abandonment and suffering of the wounded soldiers from the battle of Solferino in June 1859, felt the determination to lead a lifelong devoted effort toward establishing an organized, formalized ways of delivering humanitarian aid and assistance to the soldiers in the combat. As a result, Henry canceled his business enterprise and began the relief assistance response to soldiers.

The Lead Co-founder of the SPIN Organization Emmanuel Ache, similarly to Henry Dunant’s was motivated to begin his work as humanitarian, following the experience from the early age of 4 years old, when his remaining surviving family learnt about the massacre of five of family membe The Lead Co-founder of the SPIN Organization rs including his father in the Nigeria/Biafra war. Afterward, while growing up as his family lives with the trauma. he prayerfully channeled the emotional wound toward seeking the right coordination for global peacebuilding, capable of accomplishing human peaceful coexistence ranging from the harmony in solving problems together to the mediation for ending wars, preventing violence and, armed conflicts. Emmanuel, through inspiration, independent research, learning and observations, has risen to a stronger believer in a humanitarian lifestyle. It became evident when he founded the non-governmental humanitarian organization called Good Shepherd Community focused on justice and peace for family and the youth. A few transitioning especially, in three major phases since the founding of the first organization culminating in directing the now complete focus in pursuit of reinventing the concept of humanitarian efforts, in an all encompassing worldwide humanitarian peacebuilding undertakings.

Founder of the International Committee of the Red Cross Henry Dunant, despite having little to no experience in the medical physician field, during the period that he provided medical assistance he relied on the inspiration he received which spurred him to focus only on humanity, while attending to the wounded soldiers of all nationalities. At the time, his method was a unique approach to saving the life of soldiers at war. Henry through that act inadvertently, established the vital conceptual pillars of what would later become the modern humanitarian organization principle being; impartiality and neutrality.

The Lead Co-founder of the SPIN Organization Emmanuel Ache, similarly to Henry’s was spurred on to begin working to defend the humanity by taking on the responsibilities which normally, are the works achievable only through multidisciplinary fields including, trainings and expertise to enable navigating the task of coordination in multidimensional problems. Notwithstanding, the works done by Emmanuel has been impactful without experiencing hindrances emanating from absence of the multi-levels of expertise and special trainings. Undoubtedly, the work being done defies the conventional wisdom which believes, educational qualification is the only assured prerequisite in the ability and excellence for accomplishing a vision. Emmanuel, when asked about the source of his performance ability, says his leadership is relying on prayer and staying submissive to divine guidance for inspiration and the message to implement.

Founder of the International Committee of the Red Cross Henry Dunant, worked alongside local volunteers in assisting the wounded soldiers wherever he worked attending to all sides of the warring parties including, Austrians, Italians and French casualties, in any ways possible, providing food, water and medical supplies, while observing; impartiality and neutrality.

The Lead Co-founder of the SPIN Organization Emmanuel Ache, similarly to Henry Dunant’s began focusing on the coordination to mobilize an all global citizens leadership in a worldwide peacebuilding. It is on this platform, the organization is beginning the reaching-out to all global citizens, to join humanitarian service for the peace projects implementation.

The Founder, International Committee of the Red Cross Henry Dunant, wanted to give a graphic account of the immense suffering he witnessed while attending to the wounded soldiers of all nationalities so, he wrote a book titled: A Memory of Solferino. The approach became a foundational text to modern humanitarianism. Henry Dunant was able to profoundly stir the emotions of his readers by bringing the battle and suffering into their homes, equipping them to understand the current barbaric state of war and treatment of soldiers after they were injured or killed. In of themselves these accounts altered the course of history. Henry Dunant took these ideas and came up with two more ingenuous concepts that would profoundly alter the practice of support during war. First, Dunant envisioned a creation of permanent volunteers much like the adhoc relief group he coordinated in Solferino, to assist wounded soldiers. Next Durant began an effort to call for the adoption of a treaty which would guarantee the protection of wounded soldiers and any who attempted to come to their aid. Following official stages of processes through the determination of Dunant, the Geneva Society of Public Welfare hosted the convention where the first of the renowned Geneva Convention was signed on 22 August 1864. The basic tenets of the convention outlined the neutrality of medical services including, hospitals, ambulances and related personnel; the requirements to care for and protect the sick and wounded during war, even the Red Cross Emblem.

The Lead Co-founder of the SPIN Organization Emmanuel Ache, similarly to Henry Dunant’s, while deciding the early steps in pursuing a worldwide peacebuilding organization, took the stance of reinventing the concept of Humanitarian Aid by transforming the volunteer engagements in the concept from simply offering disaster or war zone relief assistance to instead a broader undertaking to mobilize all global citizens participation in humanitarian service focused both on ending and preventing all problems confronting humans worldwide. Effort on coordination of the all global citizens participation in peacebuilding, demands that Emmanuel must seek the avenues of providing an unbiased information on the realities of world problems including the reasons for the organization’s mission. The idea is to induce a common denomination for all humans to pursue a singleness of purpose and goal. For this reason Emmanuel created a peace campaign from the question that a little child asked his dad with astonishment want to know if human kills human. As a result Emmanuel created the campaign to as all humans the same question “Human Kills Human?” And the program to spread the campaign, is called: “Peace Links Connector (PLC)” Through that all global citizens are being rallied with the slogan: “The World Together defending Humanity”. The PLC program is focused on producing, providing, distributing and bringing information about the organization’s undertakings to the homes of all global citizens and, it pertains to the truth about human sufferings and the carnages caused by all the wars, the harm caused from adversarial human interactions and, the despondency caused by dysfunctional global systems. Furthermore, the purpose includes explaining how establishing the worldwide peacebuilding with humanitarian principle ensures that neutrality guides all programs of the organization.